The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.